By Sienna Lamond, ’26

Staff Writer

The vote for president in the United States has never once been determined by the true popular vote but rather by the Electoral College system. When the topic of presidential elections is reinvigorated around Election Day, many Americans wonder why our president is not determined by our votes. Some even choose not to exercise their voting rights because they don’t believe their vote actually counts or matters. In some respects, they’re right.

In 1787, the Constitutional Convention came to the compromise known as the Electoral College. The issue was that nobody could agree on the best way to elect the president. Some wanted Congress to elect the president, and others wanted the people to choose the president directly. So the Electoral College system was born as an odd compromise between delegates from 237 years ago. In this system, a board of 535 electors each cast a ballot in accordance with the majority votes from the state they represent. To win the presidency, a candidate must win 270 of them. Additionally, in 48 states, all of the electoral votes go to only one candidate. For example, if the majority of Ohio votes Republican, all electoral votes would be given to the Republican candidate. This happens even if a decent amount of the state voted Democratic. Only Maine and Nebraska allow the electoral votes to be split.

The number of electors a state is allowed is determined by population. Heavily populated states such as California and Texas have more Electoral College votes than less populated states like Vermont and Wyoming. If you remember back to U.S. history class, this is why the Three-Fifths Compromise in 1787 was so significant. The vast majority of the southern states’ population was comprised of slaves, meaning if the slaves counted as people, the southern states would have more say in the Electoral College and have more representatives in Congress. The Fourteenth Amendment abolished the three-fifths compromise in 1868, which begs the question why do we still need the Electoral College?

In short, we don’t. It’s an antiquated system that deters people from voting and takes the voices away from millions of American voters. The foundation of our country is built on the principle that the people get to control the government. What we have with the Electoral College is a facade of a government elected by the people. According to the Pew Research Center, “More than six-in-ten Americans (63%) would instead prefer to see the winner of the presidential election be the person who wins the most votes nationally,” showing that the majority of Americans also wish to abolish the Electoral College to make their voices heard. Additionally, every other governmental election is determined by popular votes, even the election for the Senate and the House of Representatives, so we know that deciding an election by popular vote works. Why don’t we switch over?

In reality, it’s not so simple. The Electoral College is a part of the United States Constitution, which means we would have to move for an amendment to abolish it. For an amendment to be added to the Constitution, it must go through Congress, both the Senate and House of Representatives. With our Congress significantly divided, lawmakers have tried and failed to pass many bills in recent years. If a movement were made to make an amendment to abolish the Electoral College, it is likely that it would never make it through both chambers of Congress. USA Today writes, “There have been more than 700 federal proposals to change or abolish the Electoral College in U.S. history. . . But getting the remaining states to drop the Electoral College system in favor of the popular vote may be prohibitively difficult, as it would require buy-in from states that benefit from the system.” In all the years the Electoral College has been questioned, very little has been accomplished to change it.

In the past, some candidates have won the popular vote but lost the electoral vote. The most notorious example was the 2016 election between Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump. Clinton won the popular vote by nearly 3 million votes, but Trump won the Electoral College and became president. This is an example of how this system fails the American people. In total, 62,985,106 Americans voted for Trump that year while 65,853,625 voted for Clinton as reported by a New York Times post, a difference of 3 million American voters. Although I disagree with the policies and morals of President Trump, this is not a complaint about him; this is a fault of the system. More people living in the country wanted a certain candidate, and were denied that victory because of the Electoral College, and that statement could go for any candidate that has ever won the popular vote and lost the electoral vote. It’s not only unfair and unjust, it’s un-American and unpatriotic.

The year is not 1787. It is 2024. The world has changed, and we as people have changed. We need to remember the values and ideologies that the United States was originally founded upon: a government for the people, of the people, and by the people. No more Electoral College failures; it’s time for us to make a change and take our country, and our leaders, back into our hands. It is the only way to ensure our democracy will last for years to come. As former President Barack Obama said, “Change will not come if we wait for some other person at some other time. We are the ones we’ve been waiting for. We are the change that we seek.” We are the ones that have the power to make a change for the betterment of our government and our country.